Note

This page is a reference documentation. It only explains the class signature, and not how to use it. Please refer to the user guide for the big picture.

nilearn.maskers.NiftiMasker#

class nilearn.maskers.NiftiMasker(mask_img=None, runs=None, smoothing_fwhm=None, standardize=False, standardize_confounds=True, detrend=False, high_variance_confounds=False, low_pass=None, high_pass=None, t_r=None, target_affine=None, target_shape=None, mask_strategy='background', mask_args=None, dtype=None, memory_level=1, memory=Memory(location=None), verbose=0, reports=True)[source]#

Applying a mask to extract time-series from Niimg-like objects.

NiftiMasker is useful when preprocessing (detrending, standardization, resampling, etc.) of in-mask voxels is necessary. Use case: working with time series of resting-state or task maps.

Parameters
mask_imgNiimg-like object, optional

See http://nilearn.github.io/manipulating_images/input_output.html Mask for the data. If not given, a mask is computed in the fit step. Optional parameters (mask_args and mask_strategy) can be set to fine tune the mask extraction. If the mask and the images have different resolutions, the images are resampled to the mask resolution. If target_shape and/or target_affine are provided, the mask is resampled first. After this, the images are resampled to the resampled mask.

runsnumpy array, optional

Add a run level to the preprocessing. Each run will be detrended independently. Must be a 1D array of n_samples elements.

smoothing_fwhmfloat, optional.

If smoothing_fwhm is not None, it gives the full-width at half maximum in millimeters of the spatial smoothing to apply to the signal.

standardize{False, True, ‘zscore’, ‘psc’}, optional

Strategy to standardize the signal. ‘zscore’: the signal is z-scored. Timeseries are shifted to zero mean and scaled to unit variance. ‘psc’: Timeseries are shifted to zero mean value and scaled to percent signal change (as compared to original mean signal). True : the signal is z-scored. Timeseries are shifted to zero mean and scaled to unit variance. False : Do not standardize the data. Default=False.

standardize_confoundsboolean, optional

If standardize_confounds is True, the confounds are z-scored: their mean is put to 0 and their variance to 1 in the time dimension. Default=True.

high_variance_confoundsboolean, optional

If True, high variance confounds are computed on provided image with nilearn.image.high_variance_confounds and default parameters and regressed out. Default=False.

detrendboolean, optional

This parameter is passed to signal.clean. Please see the related documentation for details: nilearn.signal.clean. Default=False.

low_passNone or float, optional

This parameter is passed to signal.clean. Please see the related documentation for details: nilearn.signal.clean.

high_passNone or float, optional

This parameter is passed to signal.clean. Please see the related documentation for details: nilearn.signal.clean.

t_rfloat, optional

This parameter is passed to signal.clean. Please see the related documentation for details: nilearn.signal.clean.

target_affine3x3 or 4x4 matrix, optional

This parameter is passed to image.resample_img. Please see the related documentation for details.

target_shape3-tuple of integers, optional

This parameter is passed to image.resample_img. Please see the related documentation for details.

mask_strategy{‘background’, ‘epi’, ‘whole-brain-template’,’gm-template’, ‘wm-template’}, optional

The strategy used to compute the mask:

  • ‘background’: Use this option if your images present a clear homogeneous background.

  • ‘epi’: Use this option if your images are raw EPI images

  • ‘whole-brain-template’: This will extract the whole-brain part of your data by resampling the MNI152 brain mask for your data’s field of view.

    Note

    This option is equivalent to the previous ‘template’ option which is now deprecated.

  • ‘gm-template’: This will extract the gray matter part of your data by resampling the corresponding MNI152 template for your data’s field of view.

    New in version 0.8.1.

  • ‘wm-template’: This will extract the white matter part of your data by resampling the corresponding MNI152 template for your data’s field of view.

    New in version 0.8.1.

Note

Depending on this value, the mask will be computed from nilearn.masking.compute_background_mask, nilearn.masking.compute_epi_mask, or nilearn.masking.compute_brain_mask.

Default is ‘background’.

mask_argsdict, optional

If mask is None, these are additional parameters passed to masking.compute_background_mask or masking.compute_epi_mask to fine-tune mask computation. Please see the related documentation for details.

dtype{dtype, “auto”}, optional

Data type toward which the data should be converted. If “auto”, the data will be converted to int32 if dtype is discrete and float32 if it is continuous.

memoryinstance of joblib.Memory or string, optional

Used to cache the masking process. By default, no caching is done. If a string is given, it is the path to the caching directory.

memory_levelinteger, optional

Rough estimator of the amount of memory used by caching. Higher value means more memory for caching. Default=1.

verboseinteger, optional

Indicate the level of verbosity. By default, nothing is printed. Default=0.

reportsboolean, optional

If set to True, data is saved in order to produce a report. Default=True.

See also

nilearn.masking.compute_background_mask
nilearn.masking.compute_epi_mask
nilearn.image.resample_img
nilearn.image.high_variance_confounds
nilearn.masking.apply_mask
nilearn.signal.clean
Attributes
`mask_img_`nibabel.Nifti1Image

The mask of the data, or the computed one.

`affine_`4x4 numpy array

Affine of the transformed image.

__init__(mask_img=None, runs=None, smoothing_fwhm=None, standardize=False, standardize_confounds=True, detrend=False, high_variance_confounds=False, low_pass=None, high_pass=None, t_r=None, target_affine=None, target_shape=None, mask_strategy='background', mask_args=None, dtype=None, memory_level=1, memory=Memory(location=None), verbose=0, reports=True)[source]#
generate_report()[source]#
fit(imgs=None, y=None)[source]#

Compute the mask corresponding to the data

Parameters
imgslist of Niimg-like objects

See http://nilearn.github.io/manipulating_images/input_output.html Data on which the mask must be calculated. If this is a list, the affine is considered the same for all.

transform_single_imgs(imgs, confounds=None, sample_mask=None, copy=True)[source]#

Apply mask, spatial and temporal preprocessing

Parameters
imgs3D/4D Niimg-like object

See http://nilearn.github.io/manipulating_images/input_output.html Images to process. It must boil down to a 4D image with scans number as last dimension.

confoundsCSV file or array-like or pandas DataFrame, optional

This parameter is passed to signal.clean. Please see the related documentation for details: nilearn.signal.clean. shape: (number of scans, number of confounds)

sample_maskAny type compatible with numpy-array indexing, optional

shape: (number of scans - number of volumes removed, ) Masks the niimgs along time/fourth dimension to perform scrubbing (remove volumes with high motion) and/or non-steady-state volumes. This parameter is passed to signal.clean.

copyBoolean, optional

Indicates whether a copy is returned or not. Default=True.

Returns
region_signals2D numpy.ndarray

Signal for each voxel inside the mask. shape: (number of scans, number of voxels)

fit_transform(X, y=None, confounds=None, sample_mask=None, **fit_params)[source]#

Fit to data, then transform it

Parameters
XNiimg-like object

See http://nilearn.github.io/manipulating_images/input_output.html

ynumpy array of shape [n_samples], optional

Target values.

confoundslist of confounds, optional

List of confounds (2D arrays or filenames pointing to CSV files). Must be of same length than imgs_list.

sample_masklist of sample_mask, optional

List of sample_mask (1D arrays) if scrubbing motion outliers. Must be of same length than imgs_list.

New in version 0.8.0.

Returns
X_newnumpy array of shape [n_samples, n_features_new]

Transformed array.

get_params(deep=True)#

Get parameters for this estimator.

Parameters
deepbool, default=True

If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.

Returns
paramsdict

Parameter names mapped to their values.

inverse_transform(X)[source]#

Transform the 2D data matrix back to an image in brain space.

Parameters
XNiimg-like object

See http://nilearn.github.io/manipulating_images/input_output.html

Returns
imgTransformed image in brain space.
set_params(**params)#

Set the parameters of this estimator.

The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as Pipeline). The latter have parameters of the form <component>__<parameter> so that it’s possible to update each component of a nested object.

Parameters
**paramsdict

Estimator parameters.

Returns
selfestimator instance

Estimator instance.

transform(imgs, confounds=None, sample_mask=None)[source]#

Apply mask, spatial and temporal preprocessing

Parameters
imgs3D/4D Niimg-like object

See http://nilearn.github.io/manipulating_images/input_output.html Images to process. It must boil down to a 4D image with scans number as last dimension.

confoundsCSV file or array-like, optional

This parameter is passed to signal.clean. Please see the related documentation for details. shape: (number of scans, number of confounds)

sample_maskAny type compatible with numpy-array indexing, optional

shape: (number of scans - number of volumes removed, ) Masks the niimgs along time/fourth dimension to perform scrubbing (remove volumes with high motion) and/or non-steady-state volumes. This parameter is passed to signal.clean.

New in version 0.8.0.

Returns
region_signals2D numpy.ndarray

Signal for each element. shape: (number of scans, number of elements)

Examples using nilearn.maskers.NiftiMasker#

Advanced decoding using scikit learn

Advanced decoding using scikit learn

Advanced decoding using scikit learn